300 - 381 Antioxidants, mineral salts & food acids

Food Additives with a "•" in front of its name shows that it is definitely or possibly Animal Derived.

300 Ascorbic acid, antioxidant, flour treating agent: vitamin C, may be made synthetically from glucose. Naturally occurs in fruit and vegetables, and is added to products as diverse as cured meat, breakfast cereals , frozen fish and wine.

301 Sodium ascorbate, antioxidant, salt of ascorbic acid

302 Calcium ascorbate, antioxidant, salt of ascorbic acid

303 Potassium ascorbate, antioxidant, salt of ascorbic acid

304 Ascorbyl palminate, anti-oxidant

306 Tocopherol concentrate, anti-oxidant found in many vegetable oils, including soy, wheat germ, rice germ, cottonseed, maize. Works as an antioxidant for fatty acids and tissue fats, preventing vitamin A from oxidation. Used in margarine and salad dressings. 13, 48

307 Synthetic alpha tocopherol, a-tocopherol, anti-oxidant. synthetic

308 Gamma tocopherol, y-tocopherol, anti-oxidant. synthetic

309 Delta tocopherol, d-tocopherol, anti-oxidant. synthetic

310 Propyl gallate, anti-oxidant used to prevent rancidity in oily substances. Derived from nutgalls. May cause gastric irritation. Gallates are not permitted in foods for infants and small children because of their known tendency to cause the blood disorder, methemoglobinemia. In oils, margarine, lard and salad dressings, sometimes used in packaging. 1, 47, 48

311 Octyl gallate, anti-oxidant, see propyl gallate

312 Dodecyl gallate, anti-oxidant, see propyl gallate

317 Erythorbic acid, anti-oxidant, produced from sucrose.

318 Sodium erythorbate, anti-oxidant, derived from 317

319 tert-Butyl hydroquinone, anti-oxidant, petroleum based

320 Butylated hydroxy-anisole BHA, anti-oxidant. Petroleum derivative. Retards spoilage due to oxidation. Not permitted in infant foods. Can provoke an allergic reaction in some people. Used in edible oils, chewing gum, polyethylene food wraps. May trigger hyperactivity and other intolerances; serious concerns over carcinogenicity; and estrogenic effects. BHA is banned in Japan; in 1958 & 1963 official committees of experts recommended that BHT be banned in the UK, however due to industry pressure it was not banned; McDonald's eliminated BHT from their US products by 1986. see also Butyl compounds. 40, 47, 48 Recommend also entry on Estrogen

321 Butylated hydroxy-toluene BHT, anti-oxidant, Petroleum derivative. see above entry.

•322 Lecithin, anti-oxidant, emulsifier. Derived from soya beans, or sometimes eggs, peanuts or corn. Non toxic, it is used to allow combination of oils in margarine, chocolate, mayonnaise, milk powder. 48

•325 Sodium Lactate, food acid. possibly derived from milk. (lactic acid)

•326 Potassium lactate, food acid. can be derived from milk. (lactic acid)

•327 Calcium lactate, food acid. can be derived from milk. (lactic acid)

•328 Ammonium lactate, food acid. can be derived from milk. (lactic acid)

•329 Magnesium lactate, acidity regulator, flour treating agent, food acid. can be derived from milk. (lactic acid)

330 Citric acid, food acid. Naturally derived from citrus fruit, acts also as an antioxidant . Used in biscuits, canned fish, cheese and processed cheese products, infant formulas, cake and soup mixes, rye bread, soft drinks, fermented meat products.

331 Sodium citrates, food acid

332 Potassium citrates, food acid

333 Calcium citrates, food acid

334 Tartaric acid, food acid obtained from unripe fruit, grape juice.

335 Sodium tartrate, food acid

336 Potassium tartrates, food acid

337 Potassium sodium tartrates, food acid

338 Phosphoric acid, food acid. Derived from phosphate ore, used in cheese products.

339 Sodium phosphates, mineral salt. Also used as a laxative and a fixing agent in textile dyeing.

340 Potassium phosphates, mineral salt

•341 Calcium phosphates, mineral salt found in rocks and bones. Used in medicines as an antacid and polishing agent in enamels.

343 Magnesium phosphates, mineral salt. Anticaking agent found in salt substitutes.

350 DL-Sodium malates, food acid

351 Potassium malates, food acid

352 DL-Calcium malates, food acid

353 Metatartaric acid, food acid

354 Calcium tartrate, food acid

355 Adipic acid, food acid (from the root adipose: pertaining to fat?)

357 Potassium adipate, food acid

365 Sodium fumarate, food acid, , salt of fumaric acid, derived from plants of the genus Fumaria esp. F.officianalis

366 Potassium fumarate, food acid

367 Calcium fumarate, food acid

375 Niacin, colour retention agent

380 Tri-ammonium citrate, food acid

381 Ferric ammonium citrate, food acid derived from citric acid, used as a dietary iron supplement in breakfast cereals and dietary formulas.